The uterus, or womb, is the place where a fetus grows during pregnancy. Uterine diseases are conditions that affect the uterus. These diseases can be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancerous). They may affect your menstrual periods, your ability to get pregnant, or the health of your reproductive organs.

Some types of uterine diseases include:

• Adenomyosis. Tissue that usually lines the uterus grows on the outside walls.
• Cervicitis. Swelling or inflamed tissue of the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus.
• Endometrial hyperplasia. An overgrowth of normal cells inside the uterus.
• Endometriosis. Tissue like the lining of the uterus grows in other places in your body.
• Uterine prolapse. The uterus drops in to the vagina due to weakened pelvic muscles. This can happen after a few vaginal births, menopause, or because of obesity.

Various factors can cause uterine diseases. These can include hormonal imbalances, thyroid problems, fibroids, polyps, cancer, infection, or pregnancy.

Your symptoms will depend on the type of uterine condition you have. The first sign of a problem with the uterus may be abnormal bleeding. Bleeding could occur between periods, be very heavy, or last much longer than usual. Other symptoms may include bleeding after sex or pelvic pain.

To find out the cause of your symptoms, your health care provider may:

• Ask about your symptoms and medical history
• Do a pelvic exam
• Order blood tests or imaging tests
• Do a biopsy

Treatment depends on the cause. It may include pain medicine, hormone therapy, or surgery. Your provider will work with you to choose the best treatment.